Tingkat Kesiapan Tata Kelola Indikasi Geografis dalam Mendukung Ekspor Kopi Arabika Kintamani
Kata Kunci:
Indikasi Geografis, Tata Kelola Ekspor, Kopi Arabika KintamaniAbstrak
Kopi Arabika Kintamani telah tersertifikasi sebagai Indikasi Geografis (IG) yang berperan sebagai instrumen diferensiasi origin dalam pasar kopi specialty global. Namun, peningkatan daya saing ekspor belum sepenuhnya optimal karena tata kelola IG masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, terutama pada koordinasi kelembagaan, penerapan traceability digital, transparansi premium price, kepastian kontrak ekspor, serta dukungan pembiayaan rantai pasok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat kesiapan tata kelola IG dalam mendukung ekspor Kopi Arabika Kintamani berdasarkan persepsi para pemangku kepentingan utama. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli, Bali dengan melibatkan responden kunci yang terdiri atas petani Subak Abian, koperasi/UPH, pengurus MPIG, eksportir, buyer/roaster, serta pemerintah daerah. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner skala likert lima tingkat dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan perhitungan skor rata-rata pada setiap indikator kesiapan tata kelola. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan tata kelola IG berada pada kategori sedang dengan kecenderungan rendah, yang mengindikasikan bahwa sistem tata kelola telah berjalan, namun belum sepenuhnya terintegrasi dalam mendukung ekspor kopi specialty secara optimal. Kelemahan utama terdapat pada pembiayaan berbasis kontrak, rendahnya transparansi distribusi premium price, serta keterbatasan penerapan traceability digital berbasis lot. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengukuran kuantitatif kesiapan governance IG ekspor melalui persepsi multi-stakeholder, yang masih relatif terbatas dalam kajian IG kopi di Indonesia. Implikasi kebijakan menekankan pentingnya penguatan MPIG sebagai pusat koordinasi ekspor (single gateway), implementasi traceability lot-based berbasis digital, pengembangan kontrak ekspor standar, serta penyediaan skema supply chain finance guna mendorong upgrading ekspor Kopi Arabika Kintamani secara berkelanjutan.
Unduhan
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